What Size Transfer Switch Do I Need for My Generator?
When investing in a backup generator, one of the most important components to size correctly is the generator transfer switch. Choosing the right size transfer switch ensures a safe, reliable connection between your generator and your facility’s electrical system. At HCwatt Power, we help commercial and industrial customers make the right decisions when it comes to power continuity—and that starts with understanding how to size your transfer switch properly.
What Is a Generator Transfer Switch?
A transfer switch is the device that connects your electrical load to either utility power or generator power. In the case of an automatic transfer switch (ATS), this change happens seamlessly when a power outage is detected. Without a properly sized transfer switch, even the best generator can’t do its job effectively.
Why Size Matters
The size of your transfer switch directly affects its ability to handle the electrical load safely. A switch that’s too small can overheat or fail, while an oversized switch may cost more than necessary and take up valuable space.
How to Determine the Right Size
There are a few key factors to consider when determining the appropriate size for your generator transfer switch:
1. Match Your Generator’s Amperage
Transfer switches are rated in amps, typically starting at 50 amps for a smaller residential generator. For industrial applications, the transfer switch’s size depends on the power demands of your facility and the capacity of your generator.
The most straightforward rule of thumb is that your transfer switch should be rated at least equal to the maximum output of your generator, expressed in amps. For example, if your generator produces 200 amps at full load, you’ll need a 200-amp transfer switch.
To calculate the amperage:
Use this formula, or our handy calculator
Amps = kW × 1000 ÷ (Volts × √3 × Power Factor)
For a 3-phase generator with a 0.8 power factor and 480 volts, a 100 kW generator would be:
100,000 ÷ (480 × 1.732 × 0.8) ≈ 150 amps
So, in this case, you would need at least a 150-amp transfer switch.
2. Consider Your Load Type
Some facilities use full-load transfer switches, while others use service entrance-rated switches that transfer the entire building load. If your generator is only backing up specific circuits, you may be able to use a smaller switch. However, for most industrial and commercial applications, it’s best to size the transfer switch to match the generator’s full output.
3. Future Expansion
Think ahead. If you plan to add equipment or expand operations, sizing up your transfer switch now could save time and money later. Always consult with an electrician or generator expert before making a final decision.
Common Sizes Available
At HCwatt Power, we stock a wide range of automatic transfer switches, from 100 amps to 1600 amps and beyond. These switches are designed for both indoor and outdoor use and are compatible with diesel and natural gas generators. Whether you’re powering a construction site, data center, hospital, or agricultural operation, we have the right transfer switch for your needs.
Get Expert Help
Sizing a transfer switch isn’t just about crunching numbers—it’s about understanding your application, voltage requirements, phase type, and safety standards. Our team at HCwatt Power is here to help. With one of the largest in-stock inventories of commercial generators and transfer switches, we offer fast turnaround, expert guidance, and customized solutions.